Rust Tree-sitter

Rust bindings to the Tree-sitter parsing library.

Basic Usage

First, create a parser:

use tree_sitter::{Parser, Language};
 
let mut parser = Parser::new();

Tree-sitter languages consist of generated C code. To make sure they're properly compiled and linked, you can create a build script like the following (assuming tree-sitter-javascript is in your root directory):

use std::path::PathBuf;
 
fn main() {
    let dir: PathBuf = ["tree-sitter-javascript", "src"].iter().collect();
 
    cc::Build::new()
        .include(&dir)
        .file(dir.join("parser.c"))
        .file(dir.join("scanner.c"))
        .compile("tree-sitter-javascript");
}

Add the cc crate to your Cargo.toml under [build-dependencies]:

[build-dependencies]
cc="*"

To then use languages from rust, you must declare them as extern "C" functions and invoke them with unsafe. Then you can assign them to the parser.

extern "C" { fn tree_sitter_c() -> Language; }
extern "C" { fn tree_sitter_rust() -> Language; }
extern "C" { fn tree_sitter_javascript() -> Language; }
 
let language = unsafe { tree_sitter_rust() };
parser.set_language(language).unwrap();

Now you can parse source code:

let source_code = "fn test() {}";
let tree = parser.parse(source_code, None).unwrap();
let root_node = tree.root_node();
 
assert_eq!(root_node.kind(), "source_file");
assert_eq!(root_node.start_position().column, 0);
assert_eq!(root_node.end_position().column, 12);

Editing

Once you have a syntax tree, you can update it when your source code changes. Passing in the previous edited tree makes parse run much more quickly:

let new_source_code = "fn test(a: u32) {}"
 
tree.edit(InputEdit {
  start_byte: 8,
  old_end_byte: 8,
  new_end_byte: 14,
  start_position: Point::new(0, 8),
  old_end_position: Point::new(0, 8),
  new_end_position: Point::new(0, 14),
});
 
let new_tree = parser.parse(new_source_code, Some(&tree));

Text Input

The source code to parse can be provided either as a string, a slice, a vector, or as a function that returns a slice. The text can be encoded as either UTF8 or UTF16:

// Store some source code in an array of lines.
let lines = &[
    "pub fn foo() {",
    "  1",
    "}",
];
 
// Parse the source code using a custom callback. The callback is called
// with both a byte offset and a row/column offset.
let tree = parser.parse_with(&mut |_byte: u32, position: Point| -> &[u8] {
    let row = position.row as usize;
    let column = position.column as usize;
    if row < lines.len() {
        if column < lines[row].as_bytes().len() {
            &lines[row].as_bytes()[column..]
        } else {
            "\n".as_bytes()
        }
    } else {
        &[]
    }
}, None).unwrap();
 
assert_eq!(
  tree.root_node().to_sexp(),
  "(source_file (function_item (visibility_modifier) (identifier) (parameters) (block (number_literal))))"
);